Check-controlled apparatus.



C. E. MORRIS.

GHEGK CONTROLLED APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 22

Patented Mar. 9, 1909.

CHARLES E. M ORRIS, OF LANE, KANSAS.

CHECK-CQNTROLLEI) APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 9, 1909.

Application filed August 22, 1907. Serial No.'389,695.

To all whom it may concern: 9

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. MORRIS, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Lane, Franklin county, Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Check-Controlled Apparatus. of which the following is a specification. The main objects of this-invention are to provide an improved form of check controlled apparatus adapted to be differently opera ed by coins of different denominations; to provide improved mechanism of this class which will operate so that a coin of one denomination will permit of a differoutnumber of operations of the machine to which the apparatus is applied than will be permitted by a coin of another denomination: to provide improved means for locking the apparatus against operation except when a coin has been inserted therein; to provide improved means for preventing the manipulation of the operating lever so as to permit of more than a certain predetermined number of operations for each coin of any particiilar denomination; to provide improved means for discriminating betweenthe difierent denominations of coins and causing correspondingly dili'erent operations for each when inserted into the same coin slot; to provide improved means for preventing a coin from being inserted into the apparatus except when all of thcpa'rts are in their normal initial position of rest ready for the receipt of such coin. These objects are accomplished by the device shown in the accompanying drawings in which I Figure is an elevation, partly broken away of a coin controlled mechanism constructed according to this invention and adapted to permit of a single operation of the machine (of which it forms a part) for each coin of a certain denomination and to permit of a plurality of operations of the machine for each coin of a certain difi'erent (.lenomimition. Fig. 2 is a sectional detail of the coin receiving pocket showing the position of its parts when supporting a coin of the larger size, and showing the relation oi" its dogs with the trip star which releases the larger coin after a predetermined number of operations of the machine. Fig. 3 is a. corresponding view showing the position of the parts at the instant after such coin of larger denomination is released and is resting in the bottom of the pocket. Fig. 4 is a section of the coin pocket on the line 4-4: of Fig. 1, showing also the latch which locks the coin pocket against downward movement except when a coin is seated therein. Fig. 5 is a detail showing in plan the relation of the trip star and one of the dogs of the coin pocket. Fig. 6 is a detail showing the controlling pawl and its dog in their relative positions for preventing an upward movement of the operating lever. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 showing the same parts in position for preventing a downward movement of said lever. Fig. 8 is an elevation partly brokenaway of the pawl 20 and some of the adjacent parts which cooperate therewith, the same being shown as viewed from the left of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, the machine to which the coin controlled apparatus is applied, is in-- dicated by a part of its casing 1 and by the operating member or lever 9. The coin chute is indicated 10, the end at which the com is inserted being opposed to a slot in the casing at 11. In the construction shown,

the operating lever. 9 is pivoted at 12 and is' provided with a handle 13 extendin outward through a slot in the casing. 'Tlie operating lever 9 is connected with the mechanism of the machine by a link 14. Rigid on the operating. lever is a rack 15 having a series of rack teeth 16 arranged in the arc of a circle concentric with the pivot 12 of said lever. The opposite edge 17 of said rack is a cam surface whose function will hereinafter appear. The movement of the lever 9 in either direction is controlled by ratchet means comprising-said rack and a double-toothed pawl 18 which is pivoted on the supporting frame. The tooth 20 of the pawl 18 is suitably located to engage the teeth of the rack and prevent a downward movement-of the lever 19. A second tooth 21 of the pawl 18 is suitably located to engage the rack teeth 16 and. prevent an upward movement of said lever. The pawl 18 is also provided with an arm 22 by means of which said pawl may be swung on its pivot for throwing either of the teeth 20'or 21 into mesh with the rack teeth 16.

A dog 23, pivotally mounted at 24 on the supporting frame, is normally urged into engagement with the pawl 18 by means of a spring 25, said dog being adapted to yieldingly urge either of the teeth 20 or 21 into engagement with the rack teeth 16 as is illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. When the; tooth 21 isurged into engagement with the rack, the

dog 23 hooks over the point 26 of the pawl 18 as in Fig. 6 and yieldingly holdssaid tooth 21 into contact with the rack. Similarly when the tooth is in engagement with the rack, the dog 23 engages the pawl 18 as in Fig. 7. When the lever 9 is in its normal initial position as in Fig. 1, it engages the tail 60 of the dog 23 and lifts said dogout of engagement with the pawl 18 so 1that said pawl may be freely shifted by the actuating member 27 as will hereinafter appear.

The actuating member 27 is in the form of a counterpoised arm provided with a coin pocket 28 at its end, located so as to lie in alinement with the coin chute 10 when the arm 27 is in the position shown in Fig.1

' and serving as a seat for supporting a coin discharged from said chute. The arm 27 is provided with a counterweight 29 which is of. suitable form and disposition with respect to the pivot 19' to tend to hold the arm 27 either in the position shown by the full lines in Fi 1 or in the position shown by the dotted lines in said figure. The distribution of weight in the arm 27 is such that a 4 coin of suitable weight seated in the pocket 28 will cause the arm 27 to swing down to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1. A latch pawl 30 is pivotally mounted on the supporting" frame, and is adapted to fall by gravity into the recess 31 in the pocket, and secure the arm 27 against being swung, as by a blow onthe casing, when no coin is seated in the pocket 28; When a coin is seated in the pocket 28, the latch 30 will be pushed out, as indicated by dotted-lines in Fig. 4, so as to permit the arm 27 to swing freely, The pocket 28 has an opening 33 in its edge, which is away from the pivot 19,

; so that a coin may roll out when the arm 27 I is in the lowered position. A wall 34 disposed along the ath of the pocket 28 reve'nts a coin rom accidentally fal ing through the opening 83 except when the pocket is near its lowest position. The arm 27 is provided with two studs 35 and 36, 1 which are spaced apart and located at rebeen swung the full length of its downward stroke. When the lever 9 has reached the downward limit of its stroke, a lug 37 on the rear face of the rack 15 en 'a'ges the arm 22, and swings the pawl 18 back to its initial position, as in Fig. 7. During the downward movement of the operating lever 9,

the cam surface 17 of the rack engages a stud 38 on the counterweight 29, and swings the arm 27 upward. The movement of the arm 2T under the action of the cam 17 upon theipin 38 is comparatively slow as compared. with the rate of movement of the arm 9. When the stud 37 comes into contact with the arm 220i the pawl 18 it causes said arm to engage the stud 36 and quickly force the arm 27 upward to its normal initial 'posit-ion. The purpose ofthis peculiar movement of the arm 27 will hereinafter appear. In order to prevent the arm 27 from again descending until the operatin lever 9 has returnedto its normal initia position, a latch pawl 39 is loosely mounted on the stud 24 and arranged so as to fall by gravity into engagement with a stud 40 on the arm 27 to prevent said downward movement of the arm 27. The pawl 39 has a tail 41, which extends downward so as to be engaged by the lever 9, and lift the pawl 39 out of engagement with the stud 40, as in Fig. 1, when the lever 9 is in its uppermost position, thus leaving the arm 27 free to swing through the weight of a coin.

The slot in the casing through which the lever 9' extends is protected by a slotted guide tube 42, within which is slidably mounted a second tube 43', through which the lever 9 extends. The slot in the tube 43 is of just suliicient length to allow the necessary lay of the lever 9, and said tube 43 slides a ong the tube 42 when the lever 9 is swung. The lever .9 is normally urged toward its u per position by a spring 44, which in the orm shown is a compression spring located within the telescoping tubes 42 and 43.

The mechanism by means of which a coin of one denomination is caused to operate the machine a plurality of times, while a coin of a second denomination will operate it but once, is constructed as follows:The pocket 28 has pivotally mounted therein two dogs 45 and 46. The dog 46 is normally urged to the position shown in Fig. 2 by a spring 49, and the dog 45 normally falls by gravity to the position shown in 'Fig. 3, its inner arm 47 extending into the path of a coin entering the pocket, and its outer arm 48 being retracted. The coin is indicated at 50 in Figs. 2 and 3. When the dog 46 is in its normal positiom-as in Fig. 2, its inwardly'extending arm 51 extends to such position that a coin of the smaller denomination, as for in; stance a one cent piece, will pass between arm 51 and shoulder 52, and rest in the bottom of the pocket, while a coin of a larger denomination, for instance, a five cent piece, will be supported between the arm 51 and the shoulder 52, as in Fig. 2, and, while being supported between the arm 51 and the shoulder 52, prevents the pawl 45 from swinging to the position shown in Fig. 3. The pawl 46 and shoulder 52 operateas erases selecting means to discriminate between coins of two difierent denominations. The discrimination between different denomina tions is determined by the diflerent physical properties or measurements of the coins. In the form shown the particular measurement which determines the selection is the size of the coin. A counting star or trip 53 is join naled on the supporting frame in such position that its teeth may be engaged by the dogs 45 and 46 when in their extended positions. The dog 45 is adapted to engage each of the teeth of the star 53 while the dog 46 is offset so as to clear all of the teeth except the tooth 54, which is thicker than the others. The star 53 is yieldingly held against rotation by the spring 55, which insures that the star 53 turns one tooth space at each operation. 'The dog 45 swings on its pivot during the downward movement of the arm 27, and therefore rotates the star only during each upward stroke. The pawl 46 is normally in its extended position, but it does not operate the star except when the thick tooth 54 is in position for being engaged by the dog 46. The spring 55 is of greater strength than the spring 49, so that it will not permit the pawl as to rot ate the star wheel 58 until said pawl 46 has ie'leased the coin and come into contact with the stop 62. v A

An arm 56 is pivotally mounted at 47 near the coin chute, and has a lug 58 extending into a slot 59 in the coin chute. The arm 56 normally hangs in such position as to allow a coin to be freely inserted}? into the coin chute, but when the lever 27iis swung down the counterweight 29 engages the arm 56, as shown by the dotted line in Fi 1, and moves the lug 58 across the path of coins in the coin chute, so as to prevent a coin from entering said chute except when the arm 27 is in its normal initial position.

The device which is herein shown is intended to be operated by coins of two difierent denominations, and the coin chute 10 is provided with an opening 62, through which are rejected all coins of lesser diameter than that of the smaller coin which will operate the machine. These coins are urged toward the opening 62 in any usual manner, as, for instance, by means of a spring 63. A slide 64 is mounted at the opening 62, and is adjustable across said opening to suit the diameter of said smaller denomination of coin. If it is desired to set the machine so i as" to reject the said smaller denomination, and operate only under coinsof the larger denomination, then the slide may be retracted so as to enlarge the opening 62, and'permit only coins of the larger denomination to pass.

The latch 65 provides an additional safeguard against. fraud by wrongfully manipulating the operating lever 9. This latch pawl 18 comprises a bent lever pivotally mounted on the supporting frame, and having-a hookshaped arm 66 extending into position for engaging a stud 67 on the arm when said arm is in its normal initial position. The

latch 65 also has an arm 68 extending-into 7 position for being engaged by stud 38 on the member 27. The arm 68 is so located with respect to said stud that said fllm'wlll not be engaged by said stud until the ocket 28 has been lowered sufficiently to disc urge the coin therefrom. After the arm 27 has been lowered sufiiciently to discharge the coin it has a continued downward movement, due to the fact that its center of gravity has passed over the other side of its pivot, and this continued movement causes the stud 38 to swing the latch 65 and release the arm 9.

The operation of the device shown is as follows: When a one-cent coin is inserted into the coin chute, on falling into the pocket, it passes between the shoulder 52 and the arm 51,- and falls into the lower part of the pocket, being retained therein, as illustrated in Fig. the pocket lifts the latch 30 and overbalances the arm 27, so that said arm-swings down under the Weight of the coin, to ,the position shown by the dotted lines inFi 1. When the arm 27 swings down, the em 86 engages the arm 22 of the pawl 18, and rocks said pawl to the positlon shown in Fig. 6. The lever is now free to be; swung downward, and as soon as it has passed clear ofthe tail 60 of the dog 23, said dog swings into engagement with the point 26 of the pawl 18, as in Fig. 6, and yieldingly holds the tooth intocontact with the rack. The

n w-" ermits a downward movement of the lfterfltl, but prevents a return movement. 'As the lever 9 swings downward, the cain surface 17 engages the stud 88, and slowly swings the arm 27 upward. As the arm 9 approaches the lower limit of its movement, the lug 37 on the rack 15 engages the arm 22, pushes it into contact. with the 2. The coin within stud 36, and swings the arm 27 to its initial position. This movement carries the pawl .18 to the position shown in Fig. 7, tripping the point 26 out of the notch 61, and causing the dog 23 to engage the pawl 18 in the manner shown in Fig. 7 so as to urge the tooth 20 into engagement with the rack. T he arm 9 is now free to return to its normal initial position under the action of the spring 44;, but is prevented from being depressed after a partial return movement by I stud 38 against the latch arm68; and thereby releases the arm 9. Upon the return of the parts to theirnormal initial position, the latch 30 prevents the arm 27 from again descending, and the pawl 18, being held inthe position of Fig. 1 by the stud 35, looks the operating lever 9 against downward movement until a new coin has been inserted into the coin chute to permit a second operation. When a five cent coin is inserted into the coin chute it lifts the outer arm of the dog 45 to its extended position, and is supported between the shoulder 52 and the arm 51-01 the dog 46 in the position shown in Fig. 2. The normal initial position of I the star 53 is that shown in Fig. 1; that is,

the point 54 stands in the position there shown: The dog 46, therefore, passes the star without rotating it except under the s ecial condition which will be hereinafter d scribed. When the arm '27 swings downward, while a five cent piece is supported by the do 46 as in Fig. 2, the dog 45 swings upward t rou h contact with said star, but

immediately alls to its extended position, so as to engage a tooth of the star and rotate it during the next upward movement of the arm 27. As the coin is held between the dog 46 and the shoulder 52, it cannot fallout when the arm 27 is in its lowered position, and it therefore remains inthe pocket 28. As soon as the arm 27 swings back to its initial position, as hereinbefore described in reference to the operation of the device with a one centfpiece, the stud passes into the notch 61 of the latch pawl 39, and the arm 27 is thereby held against downward movement until the arm 9 returns to its initial position. On

returning to its initial position the arm 9 engages the tail 41 of the latch 39, and lifts said latch out of engagement with the stud 40, as in Fig. 1. The weight of the coin in the pocket 28 thereupon causes the arm 27 to immediately swing down to its I lower position releasing the pawl 18, and

't-ates the star 53 one tooth space.

passing the star engages the tooth preceding the tooth-54, and carries the tooth 54 into the position in which it is'shown in Figs. 2 and 3'. The dog 46 then engages said tooth 54, and swings the star another tooth space, leaving it in its normal initial position, as in Fig. 1. On engaging the tooth 54 of the star, the dog 46.is first swung against the action of the spring 49 sufiiciently to release the coin 50 and allow it to fall into the bottom of the pocket, as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The stud 62 prevents further movement of the dog 46, and thereby insures the rotation of the star, as hereinbefore stated. On the next downward movement of the arm 27 the coin is discharged through the opening 33,. ,so that the device will look after the fifth operation of the machine. To change the number of operations which will be permitted for a five cent piece, it is merely necessary to substitute for the star 53 another having a different number of teeth. The.

to cause the first part of the upward move-- ment of the arm 27 to be sufficiently slow to give time for the perfect action of the star wheel 53 in releasing the five cent coin, thus preventing the possibility of a fraudulent manipulation of the operating lever, so as to cause the coin to be thrown upward slightly from its position' in the pocket, so that it would again become seated in the position of Fig. 2 after the action of the star, which would normally trip it from that seat. During the greater part of the downward swing of the arm 9, cam 17 gradually shifts stud 38 so that the arm 27 rises slowly, until it is past the star wheel 53, giving ample time for the proper action of the dogs 45 and 46 upon the star. After the arm 27 is past the star wheel the lug 37 comes'into contact .with the arm 22 of the pawl 18, forcing said arm 22 into engagement with the stud 36, and causing the arm 27 to quickly complete the remainder of its upward mpvement.

What I claim as my invention and. desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a check controlled apparatus, the combinationof a coin chute, a selecting device .adapted to discriminate between coins of different measurements inserted in said chute, and mechanism arranged to be operated through a single insertion in said chute of a coin of certain measurement as determined by said selecting device, and to be operated a different number of times through a single insertion into said chute of a coin of different measurement as determined. by said selecting device.

2. In a check coi'itrolled apparatus, the combination of a coin chute, a selecting device adapted to discriminate between coins of different measurements inserted in said chute, a machine, and mechanism for operating said machine and cotiper'ating with said selecting device to admit of a different number of operations of said machine for a single insertion into said chute of a coin of certain measurement than for a single insertion into said chnteof a coin of another erasesmeasurement as determined by said selecting device.

8. The combination of a machine with check controlled mechanism for operating said machine comprising a movable control ling member having therein a coin pocket and adapted through the presence ot' coin in said pocket to permit the operation of said machine, said pocket having anopening adapted through the movement of said member to discharge therefrom a coin of one size after such coin has permitted one operation of the machine, means for normally preventing the discharge of a coin of a certain different size and thereby permitting of repeated operations of the machine through the presence of such different coin, and means for discharging such dilferent coin after a'predetermined number ofioperations of the machine.

4. The combination of a machine with check controlled mechanism for controlling the operation thereof, said mechanism comprising means adapted through the pres ence oi: a coin to permit the operation oi. said machine, said means being adapted to coact with a coin of one size to permit a single operation of said machine and to coact with a coin of a certain other size to permit a predeterminednumber of successive operations thereof.

5. In a check controlled apparatus, the combination of a movable member, a movable dog mounted on said. member and adapted to support thereon a coin of acertain size, a second dog mounted on said member and movable between an extended and a retracted position, said second dog being arranged to be held in its extended position by a coinsupported on said first dog, a star wheel pivotally mounted near the path of said member and adapted to be rotated through engagement with said second dog when in its extended position, one of the teeth on said star Wheel being of different shape than the others and being adapted when turned to a certain position to trip said first dog and release the coin.

6, In a check controlled apparatus, the.

combination of a pivoted arm having therein a pocket adapted to support a coin, said arm being normglly) urged to a certain initial position and" eing adapted to swing downward through the weight of a coin in said pocket, a movable operating member, ratchet means for securing said operating member against movement in either direction and adapted to be set through the downward-movement of said arm, to permit said operating member to be moved in one direction only, and means actuated through the movement of said operating member to a certain position and adapted to reset said ratchet means to permit a return movement only of said member.

7. In a check controlled apparatus the I combination of a pivoted arm avi'ng therein a ocket adapted to so port a com, said arm eing normally urge to a certain nitial position and being ada ted to swing downward through the weig t of a coin in said pocket, a movable operating member, means for securin said operating member and adapted to be released through the downward movementpocketbeing open at one side to permit a coin to fall out when said arm is in its depressed position, means actuated through the movement of said operating member for retu ning said arm to its normal initial position, means in said pocket for preventing a coin of a certain size from passing out 0 said pocket when said arm is in its depressed position and thereby permitting of a succession of operations of said member through the presence of such coin, and mechanism adapted to release said retainin means and. permit the coin to fall from sai of said arm, said pocket after a predetermined number of operations of said member.

8. In a check controlled apparatus, the combination of a coin chute, an arm having therein a pocket adapted to receive a coin from said chute, and tobe moved through the weight of said coin, a machine normally locked against operation and side ted to be released through the movement 0 said arm when a coin is seated in said pocket, said pocket being open at one sideand adapted when in its lowered position to discharge coins of a certain size, means for retaining in said pocket coins of a certainlarger size to permit of a plurality of operations of said mechanism for each of such larger coins, and mechanism actuated through the presence of a coin of the larger size and adapted to release the coin from said retaining means after a certain predetermined number of operations of the machine.

9. The combination ofa machine with check controlled mechanism for controllin the operation of said machine, said chec controlled mechanism comprising a pivoted arm having a seat for a coin and adapted to swin downward through the presence of a com on said seat, mechanism actuated through the downward movement of said arm for permitting the operation of said machine, means for returning said arm to its initial position, said seat being adapted to discharge a coin of a certain size when saidarm is lowered, means on said arm normally preventing the discharge of a coin of a certain larger size, and mechanism adapted to release .aid retainingmeans andpermit the, dis ge of such larger coin after a certain 3 edetermined number of operations of the machine.

it In a check controlled apparatus, the combination of a balanced .rm having,a

pocket adapted to receive a coin, said arm eing adapted to swin to a lowered position through the weig t of a com in said pocket, said pocket being open at one side for discharginga coin when in its lowered position, a dog pivotally mounted on said arm and adapted to support a coin of a ceradapted through the presence of a coin of latch adapte combination of a pivoted arm such larger size to rotate said star wheel through the movement of said arm from ts depressed toward its initial position said star wheel having one tooth of dilierent shape than the others and adapted to engage said dog and cause the same to release a coin supported thereby and permit such coin to be discharged from the pocket when said arm returns to its lowered position.

11. In a check controlled apparatus, the avmg a com pocket, and adapted through the weight of a coin in said ocket to swing downwardly, a

d to engage said arm and normally revent the downward swin ing thereof, said latch having a part exten ing across said pocket and ada ted through contact with a coin in said poc et to release said arm. 12. In a check controlled apparatus, the combination of an operating lever having thereon a rack, a pawl adapted when in one position to move the lever in one direction and when in a second position to prevent the return movement of said lever, a spring pressed dog bearing on said pawl and adapted to hold said pawl in either of said positions thereof, said dog having a part extending into .the path of said lever and adapted through en agement therewith to hold said dog-out o engagement with said pawl when said lever is in its initial position.

13. Ina check controlled apparatus, the combination of an operating member mounted to oscillate, a rack on said member, a pawl adapted to be swung to two different positions of engagement with said rack for respectively preventing movement of said rack in opposite directions, a counterpoised arm having a coin pocket and adapted through the weight of a coin in said pocket to swing said pawl to permit said member to be swung from its initial position and to prevent a return movement, means for automatically returning said pawl and arm to their initial positions through the movement of said rack, and yielding means for urging said pawl into engagement with the rack in both of the. positions of said pawl.

14.- In a check controlled apparatus, the combination of an operating member mounted to oscillate, a rack on said member, a

pawl adapted to be swung to two different positions of engagement with said rack for respectively pieventin movement of sad rack in opposite directions, a counterpoised arm having a coin pocket and adapted through the weight of a coin in said pocket to swing said pawl to permit said member to be swung from its initial position and to prevent a return movement, yielding means for urging said pawl into engagement with the rack in both of the positions of said pawl and means controlled by said member for retracting said yielding means to permit said pawl to be freely swung by said arm when said member is in its initial position.

15. In a check controlled apparatus, the combination of a pivoted, arm having therein a pocket adapted to support a com, saidarm being normally urged to a certain initial positlon and being adapted to swing downward through the weight of a coin in said pocket, a movable operating member,

and adapted to be released through ,the

downward movement of said arm, said pocket being open at one side to permit a coin to fall out when said arm is in its depressed position, means actuated throu h the movement of said operating member. or returning said arm to its normal initial position, means in said pocket-for preventin a coin of a certain size from passing out 0 said pocket when said arm is in its depressed position and thereby permitting of a succession of operations of said member through the presence of such coin, and a catch adapted to hold said arm in its initial position after each operation until said operating member has been returned to a certain initial position.

16. In a check controlled apparatu's,-the combination of a pivoted arm, having therein a pocket adapted to support a coin, said arm being normally urged to a certain initial position, and being adapted to swing downward through the weight of a coin in said pocket, a movable operating member, means for securing said operating member, said pocket bein open at one side to permit a coin to fafi out when said arm is in a certain lowered position, means for causing said arm to continue its downward movement after a coin has been discharged therefrom, and means for releasing said securing means through such continued downward movement of said arm.

17. In a check controlled apparatus, the combination of a pivoted arm having therein a pocket adapted to support a coin, said arm being normally urged to a certain initial position, and being adapted to swing downward through the weight of a coin in said pocket, said pocket belng open at one side to permit a coin to fall out when said amaee W I -for causing said arm to continue its downsaid catch through a continued movement 10 Ward movement after the coin has been disof 52nd first arm after the coin is discharged charged from said pocket, a movable operfroin said pocket. ating member, a latch adapted to secure Signed at Chicago this 15th day of Ausaid member in a certain normal initial pogust, 190? sition, and having an arm extending near CHARLES E. MQRRIS. the path of movement of said pivoted arm, Witnesses: and a shoulder on said ivoted arm adapted JOHN C. LOCK,

to engage the armcf sa iil catch, and release F. M. BYRD. 

